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Ways To Save Electricity
Tues. Nov. 20, 1979 Hint.on New_s--5
About Your Social Security
rising spiral of electric to $3 billion for construction.
be controlled. Some The plant would use electricity
s of providing you with from other powerplants during
could be made ch- the nighttime to pump water up
, are today, if th e hill, then during hours of peak
¢ utility, the customers,
authorit-.
cooperate on some
ireforms. Although fuel
generating electricity
to increase, some
can be reduced by
This article examines
the most promising ar-
reform: reducing the
" peak load"
electricity.
expensive problem
is the fact that
for eletricity is very
typical utility must
twice as much elect-
the mid-afternoon
to provide during the
the night. Since el-
cannot be stored, the
have enough pow-
to provide elect-
the times of peak
even though much of
will stand idle for
demand, the water would flow
down hill to generate electricity
again. The cost of the plant
would be similar to the cost of
coal or nuclear powerplants
with the same capacity. But the
pumped storage plant would
provide electricity for only 6 to 8
hours a day at the most. In
additon, more electricity is re-
quired to pump water up hill
than is recovered when the
water flows down hill to gene-
rate again- about 40 per cent
more. So, in reality, this type of
peak power facility has a cap-
ital cost 3 to 4 times higher than
conventional plants per killow-
att-hour of capacity, and a fuel
cost about 40 per cent higher.
All these costs are added to your
electric bill.
Because peak power, In real-
ity, costs 3 or 4 times as much as
" base load" power, there are
ways to make saving peak
/ when demand is power attractive. Some of these
a typical utility, peak ways are called " loan mana-
s 30 per cent or 40 per gement".
thari the average In Detroit, Detroit Edison has
for electricity.
varies
t0--season as well.
rise of electric heat
COnditioning, utilities
peak during the
of the winter and
hotest days of the
'I'ney must be able to
enough electricity to
demands, even th-
for years offered its customers
a special low electric rate if
they would agree to let the
utility turn off the heatIng el-
ement in their hot water heat-
ers for periods of up to two
hours, when peak demand th-
reatens. The utility does this by
radio controls. The utility
benefits because it. knows it can
shave thousands of killowatts
of that power plant from its peak demand by send-
needed in the Sp- ing out a signal. The customers
the Fall. benefit by a special low rate,
most of us now pay
amount for a kills-
of electricity wheth-
it in the mid-
or at midnight, in
October, in reality
costs the utility a
to generate than av-
cost is
in the electric ch-
with little or no inconvenience.
The heating elements in water
heaters are on only occasionally
in any case.
The Tennessee Valley Author-
ity has just announced a sim-
ilar program to reduce summer
peaks by controlling air cond-
itioners, a program which has
been used successfully by other
Pay all year round. If small utilities. Again the cust-
be lowered, than omer will get a special low rate
be lowered, if he permits the utility to cut off
costs more be- the compressor in his air con-
generating facilities ditioner for periods of up to
provide for peak seven minutes at times of sum.
generally just as
to build as other
but are used for
the day. The
facilities must be
not in constant, 24-
e but in oiily 6 to 8
of use. Thus the
required to
:POwer demand may
four times as great
mer peak loads. This too, is
done by remote control. The air
conditioner fan remains on, and
before you notice that the call-
ing unit has been turned off, it is
back on agaIn. But widespread
use of this system by a giant
utility like TVA could save mill-
ions of dollars which would
otherwise be required to build
new powerpiants, a saving
investment req- which will show up on every-
average power body's electric bill. Meanwhile,
those who sign up for the pro-
for example, the gram get an extra saving of a
peak load special low rate. Because they.
a pumped st- are saving costly peak power,
such as the they are entitled to a lower rate.
APpalachian Power, In Wales, the electric utility
of American El- provides electric heat by heat-
is studying at
Vir-
Plant would add 3
of peaking
a cost of $1
ing storage radiators at night
time, when demand is low. The
heat then circulates through the
house in the daime. Ameri.
can Electric Power, our iar-
gest investor-owned utility, will
soon introduce their own heat
storage furnace which works
on a similar principle.
Another way to control peak
power use is to charge more for
electricity during the hours of
peak demand, and less during
off-peak hours. Since peak el-
ectricity, actually costs more,
this would be more fair than the
present system. For example, if
the average cost for electricity
now is about 3.6 cents per
kilowatt hour, the price could be
Peterstown Area News
Celebrates 81st Anniversary
Mr. and Mrs. W. Roy Mc-
Donald of Peterstown, celebr-
ated their 61st wedding anni-
versary at a dinner party at the
home of Mr. and Mrs. Herbert
McDonald of Peterstown. Those
present at the festivities were
all of their children: Mr. and
Mrs. Raymond McDonald, Mrs.
Kenneth Nordvik, Miss Jean
Riley of Hyattesville, Mary-
land; Mrs. Robert Hines and
Mr. and Mrs. Toley Hines and
son of Salem, Va.; Mr. and Mrs.
James Harper, Courtney and
Katie of Stanton. Va.: Mr. and
Mrs. Mickey McDonald of New-
port News, Va.; Mr. Harry
McDonald and Mrs. Warren
Sm-
ith of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
; Mr. and Mrs. David Lloyd,
Patrick and Brooke of Narrows,
Va.; and the host and host-
ess Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Mc-
Donald.
Mr. and Mrs. McDonald were
married November 11, 1918 at
Princeton, W. Va. They have
lived most of their life in the
Peterstown Area. And are hop-
ing to reach many more happy
years together.
Personals
Mr. and Mrs. JoeGaluszek
spent a few days visiting her
brother, Norman E. (Buddy)
Hutchinson, and family in Ch-
icago, Illinois. Mr. Hutchinson
has just returned home from
Billings University, after un-
dergoing major heart surgery.
He is a brother of Mrs. Gal-
uszek and a son of Mrs. Hut-.
chinson of the Mill Hill in Pet-
erstown. The Galunzek also
visited with Mr. Galuszek bro-
thers, Mr. and Mrs. Steve Gal-
ussek and family and Mr. Vic-
tor Galuszek both of Chicago,
while there.
Mr. Ray McGhee r:emqi.s; a
patient in St. Luke's Hospital°
Bluefleld, W. Va.
VICA
The students in the morning
session at Rock Camp Vocat-
ional School held the organ-
izational meeting of the V I C A.
Vocational Industrial Clubs of
America. Mr. Oral Mann and
Ms. Mary Bennett, both teach-
ers at the Vocational School, are
the club supervisors.
The following officers were
elected for the 1979- 80 school
year; President, Pat Boone;
vice- president, Porter Robert-
son; secretary, Cathy Mart-
in; treasurer, Doug Wickiine;
Reporter, Daniel Neel; Parli-
mentarian, Jubel Powell.
In accordance with club rul-
es, not only are the officers of
• VICA, thy also head the corn-
mittens set under the Natinal
VICA guidelines, which in-
clude; Leadership & Develop-
ment, Pat Boone; Program of
Work, Porter Robertson; Oly-
mpics, Cathy Martin; Finance,
Doug Wickline; Public Relat-
ions, Daniel Neel; Safety, Jub
al Powell.
The newly elected President,
Pat Boone, presided over the
meeting. The first order of bus-
iness was to select a name for.
the organization, since there is
both a morning and afternoon
Rock Camp VICA. Porter ROb-
ertson was appointed as Chair-
man of a committee to select a
name.
,This year's theme is " Am-
erica's New Professionals."
The colors red, white, blue
and gold, which represent the
connections of the club, state
and the individual.
The morning students will
conduct a flag raising cerem-
ony and the afternoon students
will lower the flag prior to their
departure.
Since there was no further
changed to 2 cents for the off-
peak hours and 6 cents for the
peak hours ( which might be 11
a.m. to 7 p.m.) The average bill
would be about the same, ex-
cept for those who took ad-
vantage of the two-piece sys-
tem. If you waited to start your
clothes dryer or dishwasher
until you went to bed, you would
save money. If you put a timer
on your hot water heat so it
heated up well before the morn-
ing peak began, you would save
more money.
The major problem with "
peak load pricing", as this is
called, is that it requires that
the utility install a double
electric meter at the home; one
meter to read peak hours, and
one to read off peak. It might
not pay to apply peak load
pricing to homes which use only
a modest amount of electric-
ity. But larger homes, business-
ess, and industry could certain.
ly benefit from this opportun-
ity to save money by shifting
some of their electric use to
times when electricity was ch-
eaper.
As experience with each of
these ideas grows, it is possible
to estimate the costs and the
benefits more accurately. The
Appalachian Rate Reform Res-
earch Project is beginning an
examination of American El-
ectric Power Company, the nat-
ion's largest investor.owned ut-
ility, to see which of these ideas
would fit into that system best
and to calculate the costs and
the benefits. We hope to be able
to make recommendations to
regulatory authorities by the
Spring of 1990.
Managing peak demand for
electricity can he a major way
to limit the rise in electric bills.
It saves money by using the
utility's own generating and
transmission equipment more
efficiently, and by reducing or
eliminating the need for ex-
pensive" ak- power facilities
like pumped- storage. These
savings can he passed on to the
consumer in more modest el-
ectric rates.
business the president adjour-
ned the meeting. ' "
Black Tuesday: October 29,
1929. The day the bubble burst
and the lights went out.
About one fourth of today's
220 million Americans were
around when the stock market
crashed and the Great Depress-
ion began. Almost overnight the
Roaring Twenties became the
Trying Thirties.
It was a time of trauma for
many. Factories and banks
closed. Unemployment jumped
from 1.5 million to 12 million.
Homes and life savings were
lost. Bread lines and apple
stands slrang uv.
The Depression dramatized:
the fact that most workers and
their families had little con-
trol over their own economic
security. They lived in an in-
creasingly Industrialized soc-
iety and were dependent on
wages. If paychecks stoppedl
the family had little to fall back
on.
State and local governments
and private charities were over-
whelmed by the nationwide ec-
onomic, disaster. It became
clear that only a large-scale
effort at the Federal level could
provide basic economic help for
the general population.
At first there were Federal
loans and grants to States. And
then came special Federal em-
ergency relief and public works
programs. And, finally, as a
longer range solution on August
14, 1935, the Social Security Act
became law.
The Act established two
national social insurance prog-
rams: a Federal system of old-
age benefits for retired emp-
loyees in commerce and indus-
try; and a Federal-State system
of unemployment insurance. It
also provided for Federal mat-
ching grants to States to. help
them aid the needy ( public
assistance).
The old -age program has
been expanded and improved
many times over the years.
Before the first retirees began
getting checks in 1940, certain
dependents and survivors of
workers also became eligible
Harvey's Honored
Mr. and Mrs. Jack Harvey
were honored at Jackson's Mill
at the Thirty- Eighth Annual
'Meeting of the West Virginia
Soil Conservation District Sup-
ervisors, held on November 6th
and 7th.
The Harvey's represented the
Southern Soil Conservation Dis-
triet. They were selected as
district winners because of the
excellent conservation program
carried out on their 293 acre
farm.
The Conservation Farmer of
the Year contest is held to
recognize those landowners who
put conservation on the land
and who know the importance of
erosion control and clean wat-
ers. The Southern Soil Con-
servation District and the
USDA Soil Conservation Ser-
vice congratulate the Harvey's
for their conservation achieve-
ments.
..... The
HintonNews
for benefits, making social sec-
urity a family program.
Coverage was extended to
millions more people in the
1950's, so that today over 9 out of'
10 employed and self- employ-
ed workers earn social secui-
ity credits. Disability protect-
ion was added 25 years ago,a nd
Medicare legislation was en-
acted in 1965 to help older
people meet the high costs of
medical care.
Social security has become an
established and accepted part
of society, not only in the United
States, but throughout the
world. Nearly every nation,
even newly emerging ones, has
adopted the principles of social
insurance as the most effect.
ive way of meetIng the needs of
people on a large scale.
Just about everyone is aff-
ected by social security, either
as a taxpayer or as a bene-
ficiary. About 110 million work-
ing Americans pay into the
program, and 35 million people
receive benefit checks each
month. Social security pay-
ments represent roughly one-
fourth of all Federal expeli.
tures.
The value of social seeucity
survivors insurance alone ess.
entially equals the face vahie of
all private life insurance k e
United States. The average-
ial security payment for a.wid-
ow with two children is $674 a
month.
An important feature of soc-
ial security generally not fOund
elsewhere is its built-in hedge
against inflation. Benefits In.
crease automatically to keep
pace with the rising cost of
living. Monthly benefits in the
year 2000 should buy as much as
monthly benefits de today.
A key reason for social c-
urity's success over four dec.
ades has been its flexibility in
meeting changing needs of peo-
ple. The Social Security Act has
been amended many times to
keep the program in tune with
the times.
Legislation enacted in 1977
assured the financial soundness
of the social security system
into the next century,
Meadow Bridge News
By Alvie Martin
The Rainelle Christmas Par-
ade will be November 26th in
downtown Rainelle- starting
time 6:30 P.M.
Charles Fleshman had a bir-
thday on October 28. He was tl
years old and he is the son of
Mr. and Mrs. Junior Fleshman.
Mrs. Myrtle Ballengoc cele-
brated her birthday October 28.
She was 89 years old.
Mrs. Edna Fox celebrated her
birthday October 21. She was 61
years old.
Sis Shirley Fox will be at
Layiand Holiness Church on
Dec-
ember 7 to 9 where Rev. Fel-
ix Baker is Pastor. Time of the
service is 7 o' clock
Mrs. Rosie Burdette, who
celebrated a birthday on Oct-
ober 27, was 78 years old.
Miss Wildcat Was Miss Roy-
lene Patterson, daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Phillip Patterson.
Margaret Ann Williams 4:ele-
brated her birthday on Nov-
ember 19. She was 3 years old at
her grandmother's, Mrs. Dolly
Martin. She is the daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Dale Williams of
Bellwood.
Little Shannon Fox celebrat-
ed her first birthday October 19.
She is the daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. Roy Dale Fox.
at
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